Pir Panjal Range

The Pir Panjal ranges lie in the Inner Himalayan region, running from east southeast to west northwest across the states of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir in India as well as Pakistan Administered Kashmir in Pakistan, where the average elevation varies from 1,400 m (4,600 ft) to 4,100 m (13,500 ft). The Himalayas show a gradual elevation towards the Dhauldhar and Pir Panjal ranges. Pir Panjal is the largest range of the lower Himalayas. Near the bank of the Sutlej river, it dissociates itself from the Himalayas and forms a divide between the rivers Beas and Ravi on one side and the Chenab on the other.

Peaks

Deo Tibba (6,001 m (19,688 ft)) and Indrasan (6,221 m (20,410 ft)) are two important peaks at the eastern end of the mountain range. They can be approached from both the Parvati-Beas Valley (Kulu District) and the Chandra (Upper Chenab) Valley (Lahaul and Spiti District) in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The hill station of Gulmarg in Kashmir lies in this range.

Pir Panjal pass
The Pir Panjal pass lies to the west of Srinagar.

Banihal pass
The Banihal pass (2,832 m (9,291 ft)) lies at the head of the Jhelum river at the southern end of the Kashmir valley. Banihal and Qazigund lie on either side of the pass.

Sythen pass
The Sythen pass connects Jammu and Kashmir with Kishtwar.

Rohtang pass
Rohtang La (altitude 3,978 m (13,051 ft)) is a mountain pass on the eastern Pir Panjal range connecting Manali in Kullu Valley to Keylong in Lahaul Valley.

Haji Pir Pass
Haji Pir Pass (altitude 2,637 m (8,652 ft)) on the western Pir Panjal range on the road between Poonch and Uri is in the area of Kashmir under Pakistan's occupation. The pass, and therefore the strategically significant road, was taken from the control of Pakistani forces and others connected to that country by the Indian Army in 1947. It was later re-occupied by Pakistan, prior to the ceasefire of 1 January 1949, and control was retained until the 1965 war. At that time, India once again gained possession but only briefly, and the pass was returned as a consequence of the Tashkent Agreement.

Haji Pir pass remains a volatile area. Control of its heights means that Pakistani forces look over the town of Poonch, while terrorists use it as a route to infiltrate into Kashmir and the Rajouri-Poonch areas. It is dominated by three hill features, namely: Bedori (3,760 m (12,340 ft) in the east, Sant (2,895 m (9,498 ft)) in the west and Lediwali Gali (3,140 m (10,300 ft)) in the south west. Control of the pass depends on control of these peaks.


for more information
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pir_Panjal_Range

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